CVE Explorer
CVE-2026-10653
The Zephyr net_buf library (lib/net_buf/buf.c) manipulated both of its reference counts -- the per-header buf->ref and the per-data-block ref_count at the start of each variable/heap data allocation -- with plain non-atomic C operators (buf->ref++, if (--buf->ref > 0), if (--(*ref_count))).
The API is documented as self-synchronizing: callers may share one buffer across threads (e.g. via k_fifo) and each holder independently calls net_buf_unref() with no surrounding lock. Under true concurrency
Known exploited
Not asserted
Disputed
No
Stale source
No
Conflicts
0
Affected products and versions
1 source assertion{"collectionURL":"https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr","defaultStatus":"unaffected","packageName":"zephyr","product":"zephyr","programFiles":["include/zephyr/net_buf.h","lib/net_buf/buf.c","subsys/net/ip/net_pkt.c"],"vendor":"zephyrproject","versions":[{"lessThan":"4.5.0","status":"affected","version":"2.7.0","versionType":"semver"}]}
- cve_program_cvelist_v5affectedurn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:79157f965427baa4cf664b182a12884c59e84a4b131c9efdbe3138a4412c95b9 · sha256:686c5d2b92286177… · /containers/cna/affected/0
Provider-owned CVSS observations
1 source assertion{"metric":{"baseScore":6.4,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H","version":"3.1"},"metric_type":"cvssV3_1"}
- cve_program_cvelist_v5cvssurn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:79157f965427baa4cf664b182a12884c59e84a4b131c9efdbe3138a4412c95b9 · sha256:686c5d2b92286177… · /containers/cna/metrics/0/cvssV3_1
CWE assertions
1 source assertion{"cweId":"CWE-415","description":"use-after-free","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}
- cve_program_cvelist_v5cweurn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:79157f965427baa4cf664b182a12884c59e84a4b131c9efdbe3138a4412c95b9 · sha256:686c5d2b92286177… · /containers/cna/problemTypes/0/descriptions/0
Source references
2 source assertions{"name":"Fix commit","tags":["patch"],"url":"https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/commit/9bb2878319d5f46c29ab5fe855a378d87cd75fc3"}
- cve_program_cvelist_v5referenceurn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:79157f965427baa4cf664b182a12884c59e84a4b131c9efdbe3138a4412c95b9 · sha256:686c5d2b92286177… · /containers/cna/references/0
{"name":"GHSA-284j-5jm9-55hh","url":"https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-284j-5jm9-55hh"}
- cve_program_cvelist_v5referenceurn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:79157f965427baa4cf664b182a12884c59e84a4b131c9efdbe3138a4412c95b9 · sha256:686c5d2b92286177… · /containers/cna/references/1
Attribution and limitations
- CVE Program CVEList V5: Reproduce the MITRE copyright designation and CVE license in copies. Source →
Provider severity values are preserved separately. Baitaphish does not convert them into a risk rating, infer affected products, or treat EPSS as observed exploitation.