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CVE-2026-44723

Vowpal Wabbit is a machine learning system. The workflow .github/workflows/python_checks.yml embeds ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }} directly inside double-quoted bash strings in four separate steps across four jobs, each passing it as a CLI argument to the Python test script run_tests_model_gen_and_load.py. The shell interprets the expanded string before invoking Python, allowing an attacker to break out of the quotes and execute arbitrary commands on the runner. The pull_request trigger
Lifecycle PUBLISHED1 preserved revisionFact urn:baitaphish:canonical-cve-fact-revision:v2:0bc5a3739270320efebf1745d96b13d14a4fe5a23f80fb70eeb63510f366b259
Known exploited
Not asserted
Disputed
No
Stale source
No
Conflicts
1

Preserved source conflicts

No provider value was silently selected as the winner.

cwe · 2 assertions

{"cweId":"CWE-1336","description":"CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}

  • cve_program_cvelist_v5cwe
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:a1065dfc25241359c059703cbdbb4727917fbcf5809aca1fbff9d073b30b0de3 · sha256:3706e2322f9ddc1d… · /containers/cna/problemTypes/1/descriptions/0

{"cweId":"CWE-78","description":"CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}

  • cve_program_cvelist_v5cwe
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:a1065dfc25241359c059703cbdbb4727917fbcf5809aca1fbff9d073b30b0de3 · sha256:3706e2322f9ddc1d… · /containers/cna/problemTypes/0/descriptions/0

Affected products and versions

1 source assertion
{"product":"vowpal_wabbit","vendor":"VowpalWabbit","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"< 998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad"}]}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5affected
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:a1065dfc25241359c059703cbdbb4727917fbcf5809aca1fbff9d073b30b0de3 · sha256:3706e2322f9ddc1d… · /containers/cna/affected/0

Provider-owned CVSS observations

1 source assertion
{"metric":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":5,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","confidentialityImpact":"LOW","integrityImpact":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"LOW","scope":"CHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N","version":"3.1"},"metric_type":"cvssV3_1"}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5cvss
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:a1065dfc25241359c059703cbdbb4727917fbcf5809aca1fbff9d073b30b0de3 · sha256:3706e2322f9ddc1d… · /containers/cna/metrics/0/cvssV3_1

CWE assertions

2 source assertions
{"cweId":"CWE-1336","description":"CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5cwe
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:a1065dfc25241359c059703cbdbb4727917fbcf5809aca1fbff9d073b30b0de3 · sha256:3706e2322f9ddc1d… · /containers/cna/problemTypes/1/descriptions/0
{"cweId":"CWE-78","description":"CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5cwe
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:a1065dfc25241359c059703cbdbb4727917fbcf5809aca1fbff9d073b30b0de3 · sha256:3706e2322f9ddc1d… · /containers/cna/problemTypes/0/descriptions/0

Source references

3 source assertions
{"name":"https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/commit/998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"],"url":"https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/commit/998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad"}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5reference
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:a1065dfc25241359c059703cbdbb4727917fbcf5809aca1fbff9d073b30b0de3 · sha256:3706e2322f9ddc1d… · /containers/cna/references/1
{"tags":["exploit"],"url":"https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/security/advisories/GHSA-cg2g-xgg7-3xxq"}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5reference
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:a1065dfc25241359c059703cbdbb4727917fbcf5809aca1fbff9d073b30b0de3 · sha256:3706e2322f9ddc1d… · /containers/adp/0/references/0
{"name":"https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/security/advisories/GHSA-cg2g-xgg7-3xxq","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM"],"url":"https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/security/advisories/GHSA-cg2g-xgg7-3xxq"}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5reference
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:a1065dfc25241359c059703cbdbb4727917fbcf5809aca1fbff9d073b30b0de3 · sha256:3706e2322f9ddc1d… · /containers/cna/references/0

Attribution and limitations

  • CVE Program CVEList V5: Reproduce the MITRE copyright designation and CVE license in copies. Source →

Provider severity values are preserved separately. Baitaphish does not convert them into a risk rating, infer affected products, or treat EPSS as observed exploitation.

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