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CVE-2026-59259

n8n before versions 1.123.61, 2.27.4, and 2.28.1 contains a permission bypass vulnerability in external secrets handling caused by a mismatch between the static validation check and the runtime expression engine. An authenticated user with credential create or update permissions but without the externalSecret:list scope can embed external secret references into credentials in forms the static validation does not detect; these references resolve at workflow execution time, exposing secret values
Lifecycle PUBLISHED1 preserved revisionFact urn:baitaphish:canonical-cve-fact-revision:v2:730a64d09728f6495be436f866d0383e1c917c98bfe707d8884995a99766b5fc
Known exploited
Not asserted
Disputed
No
Stale source
No
Conflicts
1

Preserved source conflicts

No provider value was silently selected as the winner.

affected · 3 assertions

{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","packageURL":"pkg:npm/n8n","product":"n8n","vendor":"n8n","versions":[{"lessThan":"2.28.1","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"status":"unaffected","version":"2.28.1","versionType":"semver"}]}

  • cve_program_cvelist_v5affected
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:5d41e28b61954778dc31b1cae9c5ae20a7471c96fc0a2b94e1e179b69d3e573d · sha256:9c8fa5ddac94fec5… · /containers/cna/affected/1

{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","packageURL":"pkg:npm/n8n","product":"n8n","vendor":"n8n","versions":[{"lessThan":"2.27.4","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"status":"unaffected","version":"2.27.4","versionType":"semver"}]}

  • cve_program_cvelist_v5affected
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:5d41e28b61954778dc31b1cae9c5ae20a7471c96fc0a2b94e1e179b69d3e573d · sha256:9c8fa5ddac94fec5… · /containers/cna/affected/2

{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","packageURL":"pkg:npm/n8n","product":"n8n","vendor":"n8n","versions":[{"lessThan":"1.123.61","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"status":"unaffected","version":"1.123.61","versionType":"semver"}]}

  • cve_program_cvelist_v5affected
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:5d41e28b61954778dc31b1cae9c5ae20a7471c96fc0a2b94e1e179b69d3e573d · sha256:9c8fa5ddac94fec5… · /containers/cna/affected/0

Affected products and versions

3 source assertions
{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","packageURL":"pkg:npm/n8n","product":"n8n","vendor":"n8n","versions":[{"lessThan":"2.28.1","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"status":"unaffected","version":"2.28.1","versionType":"semver"}]}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5affected
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:5d41e28b61954778dc31b1cae9c5ae20a7471c96fc0a2b94e1e179b69d3e573d · sha256:9c8fa5ddac94fec5… · /containers/cna/affected/1
{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","packageURL":"pkg:npm/n8n","product":"n8n","vendor":"n8n","versions":[{"lessThan":"2.27.4","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"status":"unaffected","version":"2.27.4","versionType":"semver"}]}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5affected
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:5d41e28b61954778dc31b1cae9c5ae20a7471c96fc0a2b94e1e179b69d3e573d · sha256:9c8fa5ddac94fec5… · /containers/cna/affected/2
{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","packageURL":"pkg:npm/n8n","product":"n8n","vendor":"n8n","versions":[{"lessThan":"1.123.61","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"status":"unaffected","version":"1.123.61","versionType":"semver"}]}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5affected
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:5d41e28b61954778dc31b1cae9c5ae20a7471c96fc0a2b94e1e179b69d3e573d · sha256:9c8fa5ddac94fec5… · /containers/cna/affected/0

Provider-owned CVSS observations

1 source assertion
{"metric":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"PRESENT","attackVector":"NETWORK","baseScore":6,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","privilegesRequired":"LOW","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","subConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","subIntegrityImpact":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","version":"4.0","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"HIGH","vulnIntegrityImpact":"NONE"},"metric_type":"cvssV4_0"}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5cvss
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:5d41e28b61954778dc31b1cae9c5ae20a7471c96fc0a2b94e1e179b69d3e573d · sha256:9c8fa5ddac94fec5… · /containers/cna/metrics/0/cvssV4_0

CWE assertions

1 source assertion
{"cweId":"CWE-639","description":"Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5cwe
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:5d41e28b61954778dc31b1cae9c5ae20a7471c96fc0a2b94e1e179b69d3e573d · sha256:9c8fa5ddac94fec5… · /containers/cna/problemTypes/0/descriptions/0

Source references

2 source assertions
{"name":"GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm)","tags":["vendor-advisory"],"url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm"}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5reference
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:5d41e28b61954778dc31b1cae9c5ae20a7471c96fc0a2b94e1e179b69d3e573d · sha256:9c8fa5ddac94fec5… · /containers/cna/references/0
{"name":"VulnCheck Advisory: n8n - Permission Bypass via Expression Parser Mismatch in External Secrets","tags":["third-party-advisory"],"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-permission-bypass-via-expression-parser-mismatch-in-external-secrets"}
  • cve_program_cvelist_v5reference
    urn:baitaphish:normalized-source-record:v2:5d41e28b61954778dc31b1cae9c5ae20a7471c96fc0a2b94e1e179b69d3e573d · sha256:9c8fa5ddac94fec5… · /containers/cna/references/1

Attribution and limitations

  • CVE Program CVEList V5: Reproduce the MITRE copyright designation and CVE license in copies. Source →

Provider severity values are preserved separately. Baitaphish does not convert them into a risk rating, infer affected products, or treat EPSS as observed exploitation.

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